{"editor":[{"last_name":"Hübner","first_name":"Ursula H.","full_name":"Hübner, Ursula H."},{"full_name":"Liebe, Jan-David","first_name":"Jan-David","last_name":"Liebe"},{"full_name":"Benis, Arriel","last_name":"Benis","first_name":"Arriel"},{"last_name":"Egbert","first_name":"Nicole","full_name":"Egbert, Nicole"},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Engelsma","full_name":"Engelsma, Thomas"},{"last_name":"Gallos","first_name":"Parisis","full_name":"Gallos, Parisis"},{"last_name":"Flemming","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Flemming, Daniel"},{"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"Lichtner","full_name":"Lichtner, Valentina"},{"first_name":"Romaric","last_name":"Marcilly","full_name":"Marcilly, Romaric"},{"full_name":"Tamburis, Oscar","first_name":"Oscar","last_name":"Tamburis"},{"full_name":"Villumsen, Sidsel","first_name":"Sidsel","last_name":"Villumsen"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"                  Large Language Models (LLMs) are promoted as solutions to many problems in medicine and wider health care. However, the empirical evidence of these claims is currently limited, as clinical trials usually take several years until publication. Clinical trial registries, such as ClinicalTrials.gov, allow for a glimpse into the topics on which publications can be expected in the future. The aim of the present study is to identify studies on ClinicalTrials.gov that use LLMs and to summarize their characteristics and topics. We identified 94 studies involving LLMs after keyword-based screening and subsequent manual inspection. All studies had start dates in 2023 or later. Compared to other studies, LLM-studies relatively often had the primary purpose “health services research”, while “treatment” was relatively rare. The most common topics of LLM-studies were diagnostics, clinical recommendations, and other supportive functions. These findings underscore that LLMs are currently not being evaluated for treatment, prevention, or drug discovery, but rather for their linguistic and reasoning capabilities as assistive tools.\r\n                "}],"title":"Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs","_id":"6217","citation":{"ama":"Thiele C, Hirschfeld G. Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs. In: Hübner UH, Liebe J-D, Benis A, et al., eds. <i>Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025</i>. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press; 2025:350-354. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560\">10.3233/SHTI251560</a>","mla":"Thiele, Christian, and Gerrit Hirschfeld. “Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs.” <i>Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025</i>, edited by Ursula H. Hübner et al., IOS Press, 2025, pp. 350–54, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560\">10.3233/SHTI251560</a>.","ieee":"C. Thiele and G. Hirschfeld, “Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs,” in <i>Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025</i>, 2025, pp. 350–354.","alphadin":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Thiele, Christian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Hirschfeld, Gerrit</span>: Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs. In: <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\"><span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Hübner, U. H.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Liebe, J.-D.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Benis, A.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Egbert, N.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Engelsma, T.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gallos, P.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Flemming, D.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Lichtner, V.</span> ; u. a.</span> (Hrsg.): <i>Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025</i>, <i>Studies in Health Technology and Informatics</i> : IOS Press, 2025, S. 350–354","apa":"Thiele, C., &#38; Hirschfeld, G. (2025). Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs. In U. H. Hübner, J.-D. Liebe, A. Benis, N. Egbert, T. Engelsma, P. Gallos, … S. Villumsen (Eds.), <i>Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025</i> (pp. 350–354). IOS Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560\">https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560</a>","chicago":"Thiele, Christian, and Gerrit Hirschfeld. “Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs.” In <i>Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025</i>, edited by Ursula H. Hübner, Jan-David Liebe, Arriel Benis, Nicole Egbert, Thomas Engelsma, Parisis Gallos, Daniel Flemming, et al., 350–54. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560\">https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Thiele_Hirschfeld_2025, series={Studies in Health Technology and Informatics}, title={Topics and Characteristics of Registered Studies on LLMs}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI251560\">10.3233/SHTI251560</a>}, booktitle={Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025}, publisher={IOS Press}, author={Thiele, Christian and Hirschfeld, Gerrit}, editor={Hübner, Ursula H. and Liebe, Jan-David and Benis, Arriel and Egbert, Nicole and Engelsma, Thomas and Gallos, Parisis and Flemming, Daniel and Lichtner, Valentina and Marcilly, Romaric and Tamburis, Oscar and et al.Editors}, year={2025}, pages={350–354}, collection={Studies in Health Technology and Informatics} }","short":"C. Thiele, G. Hirschfeld, in: U.H. Hübner, J.-D. Liebe, A. Benis, N. Egbert, T. Engelsma, P. Gallos, D. Flemming, V. Lichtner, R. Marcilly, O. Tamburis, S. Villumsen (Eds.), Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025, IOS Press, 2025, pp. 350–354."},"doi":"10.3233/SHTI251560","publication_status":"published","user_id":"263827","oa":"1","date_created":"2025-10-06T08:29:46Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png"},"type":"conference","author":[{"full_name":"Thiele, Christian","id":"237626","first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Thiele"},{"first_name":"Gerrit","orcid_put_code_url":"https://api.orcid.org/v2.0/0000-0003-2143-4564/work/193553925","last_name":"Hirschfeld","full_name":"Hirschfeld, Gerrit","id":"234690","orcid":"0000-0003-2143-4564"}],"date_updated":"2025-10-06T09:09:46Z","publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["9781643686295"],"eissn":["18798365"],"issn":["09269630"]},"status":"public","page":"350-354","publisher":"IOS Press","publication":"Good Evaluation - Better Digital Health. Proceedings of the EFMI Special Topic Conference 2025","series_title":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2025","department":[{"_id":"4b2dc5c9-bee3-11eb-b75f-ecc80f94fb21"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}]}