{"title":"The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020","article_type":"original","date_created":"2026-05-28T11:14:07Z","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","publication":"Terrorism and Political Violence","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0954-6553"],"eissn":["1556-1836"]},"type":"journal_article","oa":"1","user_id":"220548","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","date_updated":"2026-05-29T07:23:35Z","citation":{"short":"G. Kant, T. Alkaher, T. Kivimaki, C. Weisser, Terrorism and Political Violence (2025).","chicago":"Kant, Gillian, Talip Alkaher, Timo Kivimaki, and Christoph Weisser. “The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020.” <i>Terrorism and Political Violence</i>, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194\">https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194</a>.","mla":"Kant, Gillian, et al. “The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020.” <i>Terrorism and Political Violence</i>, Taylor &#38; Francis, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194\">10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194</a>.","ama":"Kant G, Alkaher T, Kivimaki T, Weisser C. The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020. <i>Terrorism and Political Violence</i>. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194\">10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194</a>","ieee":"G. Kant, T. Alkaher, T. Kivimaki, and C. Weisser, “The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020,” <i>Terrorism and Political Violence</i>, 2025.","alphadin":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kant, Gillian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Alkaher, Talip</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kivimaki, Timo</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Weisser, Christoph</span>: The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020. In: <i>Terrorism and Political Violence</i>, Taylor &#38; Francis (2025)","apa":"Kant, G., Alkaher, T., Kivimaki, T., &#38; Weisser, C. (2025). The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020. <i>Terrorism and Political Violence</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194\">https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194</a>","bibtex":"@article{Kant_Alkaher_Kivimaki_Weisser_2025, title={The Word and the Bullet: Out-Grouping and Threat Framing as Predictors of Islamic State Targeting, 2015-2020}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194\">10.1080/09546553.2025.2561194</a>}, journal={Terrorism and Political Violence}, publisher={Taylor &#38; Francis}, author={Kant, Gillian and Alkaher, Talip and Kivimaki, Timo and Weisser, Christoph}, year={2025} }"},"author":[{"last_name":"Kant","full_name":"Kant, Gillian","first_name":"Gillian"},{"first_name":"Talip","full_name":"Alkaher, Talip","last_name":"Alkaher"},{"full_name":"Kivimaki, Timo","last_name":"Kivimaki","first_name":"Timo"},{"first_name":"Christoph","id":"264138","last_name":"Weisser","full_name":"Weisser, Christoph"}],"status":"public","year":"2025","_id":"6919","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]}