{"urn":"urn:nbn:de:hbz:bi10-71885","conference":{"name":"ICNDT 2026"},"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"type":"conference","doi":"10.3390/engproc2026156003","volume":156,"file":[{"success":1,"date_updated":"2026-10-01T11:26:42Z","creator":"aehrmann","date_created":"2026-10-01T11:26:42Z","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"7189","file_size":17390831,"file_name":"_2026_Fiedler_Engproc156_3.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Johannes","last_name":"Fiedler","full_name":"Fiedler, Johannes"},{"last_name":"Blachowicz","first_name":"Tomasz","full_name":"Blachowicz, Tomasz"},{"id":"223776","orcid_put_code_url":"https://api.orcid.org/v2.0/0000-0003-0695-3905/work/228416699","full_name":"Ehrmann, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Ehrmann","orcid":"0000-0003-0695-3905"}],"page":"3","date_updated":"2026-10-01T11:27:21Z","keyword":["linear birefringence","3D printing","fused filament fabrication (FFF)","stereolithography (SLA)","crossed polarizers"],"title":"Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers","project":[{"_id":"0ec202b7-cd76-11ed-89f4-a9e1a6dbdaa7","name":"Institut für Technische Energie-Systeme"}],"quality_controlled":"1","oa":"1","file_date_updated":"2026-10-01T11:26:42Z","publisher":"MDPI","has_accepted_license":"1","issue":"1","place":"Basel Switzerland","year":"2026","intvolume":"       156","_id":"7188","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Fiedler_Blachowicz_Ehrmann_2026, place={Basel Switzerland}, title={Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers}, volume={156}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003\">10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>}, number={1}, booktitle={ICNDT 2026}, publisher={MDPI}, author={Fiedler, Johannes and Blachowicz, Tomasz and Ehrmann, Andrea}, year={2026}, pages={3} }","ama":"Fiedler J, Blachowicz T, Ehrmann A. Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers. In: <i>ICNDT 2026</i>. Vol 156. Basel Switzerland: MDPI; 2026:3. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003\">10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>","alphadin":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Fiedler, Johannes</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Blachowicz, Tomasz</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ehrmann, Andrea</span>: Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers. In: <i>ICNDT 2026</i>. Bd. 156. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2026, S. 3","ieee":"J. Fiedler, T. Blachowicz, and A. Ehrmann, “Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers,” in <i>ICNDT 2026</i>, 2026, vol. 156, no. 1, p. 3.","mla":"Fiedler, Johannes, et al. “Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers.” <i>ICNDT 2026</i>, vol. 156, no. 1, MDPI, 2026, p. 3, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003\">10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>.","short":"J. Fiedler, T. Blachowicz, A. Ehrmann, in: ICNDT 2026, MDPI, Basel Switzerland, 2026, p. 3.","apa":"Fiedler, J., Blachowicz, T., &#38; Ehrmann, A. (2026). Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers. In <i>ICNDT 2026</i> (Vol. 156, p. 3). Basel Switzerland: MDPI. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003\">https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>","chicago":"Fiedler, Johannes, Tomasz Blachowicz, and Andrea Ehrmann. “Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers.” In <i>ICNDT 2026</i>, 156:3. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003\">https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Birefringence describes the optical properties of optically anisotropic or chiral materials. As linear birefringence is a measure of anisotropy in the structure of a glass or a polymer, stress induced in glasses or polymers can be measured by stress birefringence. Interestingly, this effect can also be found in 3D-printed materials, such as fused filament fabrication (FFF)- or stereolithography (SLA)-printed objects, for some materials or material blends. Here, we report birefringence measurements on 3D-printed translucent objects, performed using a microscope with crossed polarizers as well as large-scale crossed polarizers, and show visual differences between macroscopic and microscopic effects.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"223776","date_created":"2026-10-01T11:27:16Z","publication_status":"published","status":"public","publication":"ICNDT 2026"}