conference paper published yes Johannes Fiedler author Tomasz Blachowicz author Andrea Ehrmann author 2237760000-0003-0695-3905 ICNDT 2026 Institut für Technische Energie-Systeme project Birefringence describes the optical properties of optically anisotropic or chiral materials. As linear birefringence is a measure of anisotropy in the structure of a glass or a polymer, stress induced in glasses or polymers can be measured by stress birefringence. Interestingly, this effect can also be found in 3D-printed materials, such as fused filament fabrication (FFF)- or stereolithography (SLA)-printed objects, for some materials or material blends. Here, we report birefringence measurements on 3D-printed translucent objects, performed using a microscope with crossed polarizers as well as large-scale crossed polarizers, and show visual differences between macroscopic and microscopic effects. https://www.hsbi.de/publikationsserver/download/7188/7189/_2026_Fiedler_Engproc156_3.pdf application/pdfno MDPI2026 eng linear birefringence3D printingfused filament fabrication (FFF)stereolithography (SLA)crossed polarizers urn:nbn:de:hbz:bi10-7188510.3390/engproc2026156003 15613 Fiedler, J., Blachowicz, T., &#38; Ehrmann, A. (2026). Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers. In <i>ICNDT 2026</i> (Vol. 156, p. 3). Basel Switzerland: MDPI. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003">https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003</a> Fiedler, Johannes, Tomasz Blachowicz, and Andrea Ehrmann. “Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers.” In <i>ICNDT 2026</i>, 156:3. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003">https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>. @inproceedings{Fiedler_Blachowicz_Ehrmann_2026, place={Basel Switzerland}, title={Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers}, volume={156}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003">10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>}, number={1}, booktitle={ICNDT 2026}, publisher={MDPI}, author={Fiedler, Johannes and Blachowicz, Tomasz and Ehrmann, Andrea}, year={2026}, pages={3} } Fiedler J, Blachowicz T, Ehrmann A. Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers. In: <i>ICNDT 2026</i>. Vol 156. Basel Switzerland: MDPI; 2026:3. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003">10.3390/engproc2026156003</a> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fiedler, Johannes</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Blachowicz, Tomasz</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ehrmann, Andrea</span>: Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers. In: <i>ICNDT 2026</i>. Bd. 156. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2026, S. 3 J. Fiedler, T. Blachowicz, and A. Ehrmann, “Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers,” in <i>ICNDT 2026</i>, 2026, vol. 156, no. 1, p. 3. Fiedler, Johannes, et al. “Birefringent Properties of 3D-Printed Polymers.” <i>ICNDT 2026</i>, vol. 156, no. 1, MDPI, 2026, p. 3, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2026156003">10.3390/engproc2026156003</a>. J. Fiedler, T. Blachowicz, A. Ehrmann, in: ICNDT 2026, MDPI, Basel Switzerland, 2026, p. 3. 71882026-10-01T11:27:16Z2026-10-01T11:27:21Z